- Interoperability refers to different technologies working together. - I’m not sure I fully understand this… I get that it means making / letting things *work together*, and I understand that interoperability is [[computers are universal which gives them inherently low switching costs and intrinsic interoperability|intrinsic in computers]], but I don’t get what it looks like in practice for the user – at least outside of [[{1.2a2f} federated social media could lessen the effects of context collapse|federated social media]]. - Doctorow argues that this is how we can start taking back the control currently held by major tech firms and platforms like Apple, Meta, etc. - If they can’t keep us stuck in their tech – because other tech “works with it” – we have more control over our digital lives. - but, again, i’m not sure what this looks like in practice >Mandates and comcom are like two-part epoxy: the mandate is strong, but brittle; comcom is flexible, but requires constant maintenance to keep it from bending out of shape. Together, they are strong *and* resilient. (pg. 124)