- as in, a shared cultural experience at a national or global scale. - said to have existed from the 1950s to early 2000s – i.e. the [[{1.2a2b1a3} broadcast vs viral communication|broadcast]] era. - refers to “everyone” tuning in to watch a show like *seinfeld*, or “everyone” hearing britney spears on the radio, or “everyone” watching the superbowl. - some critics argue that monoculture never really existed, but i think it’s a useful term to describe the ubiquitousness of some media prior to individualized streaming culture.